Why Do Soldiers Duck Their Heads When Firing a Mortar Shell?
As a former mortar crew member, I can attest that ducking is a critical safety measure. Soldiers duck or take cover for several reasons when firing a mortar shell. Primarily, they protect themselves from the violent concussion and intense heat generated by the shell as it exits the tube. Additionally, they avoid the potential hazards from the mortar tube itself should the shell fail to ignite properly. To further ensure safety, they also stroke the tube, sliding their hands down it after releasing the round.
Understanding the Impact and Risk
To appreciate why ducking is crucial, consider the impact of a mortar round compared to other firearms. Standing beside someone firing an AR-15 or AK-47, which have muzzle brakes, isn't enjoyable, but it's nothing compared to the experience of a properly fired .357 Magnum. Even with eye protection designed to deflect parts of the shockwave, your eyes will instinctively close if you're not prepared. However, this is nothing compared to the real-world charges of a mortar.
For a conventional firearm, the case of powder is relatively small and not fully loaded. By contrast, the charge inside a mortar shell is much larger, roughly the size of a fist, and can have multiple charges attached to one round. Dropping a 4.2-inch mortar shell can result in pure concussion, as evidenced by blown-off tree limbs that we've seen. The blast creates significant debris and shockwaves.
Mortar Explosions and Their Hazards
When a mortar is fired, there is a substantial release of explosive energy. This not only causes the mortar tube to recoil but also generates gases, dust, and fragments that can pose a significant danger to anyone nearby. Soldiers learn to shoot and duck simultaneously, minimizing the risk of injury from blast and shrapnel.
Typically, soldiers crouch or take cover about 20 to 30 meters away from the mortar. They stay away from the tube to avoid being hit by fragments or gas if the mortar misfires. During training, every soldier learns the importance of ducking. In a real combat scenario, this minor detail can mean the difference between injury and safety.
The Importance of Safety Precautions
The act of ducking or taking cover is not just a recommendation; it's a vital safety measure. By doing so, soldiers reduce their exposure to the blast and any accompanying shrapnel or debris. This precaution is particularly crucial in the immediate vicinity of the mortar, where the risk of injury is highest. Failure to duck can result in serious injury, including concussions, lacerations, and internal damage from the shockwave.
Understanding the risks and learning to respond correctly goes a long way in ensuring that soldiers can operate effectively and safely. Proper training and adherence to safety protocols are essential for the well-being of military personnel and the success of missions.
In conclusion, soldiers duck their heads when firing a mortar shell to protect themselves from the intense concussion and heat, as well as to avoid potential hazards from the blast and any shrapnel. This simple action plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety of those involved in mortar operations and highlights the importance of careful and conscientious training.