Understanding Reverse Osmosis Water and Its Safety: A Comprehensive Guide
Reverse Osmosis (RO) water has become a popular choice for many due to its effectiveness in removing a wide range of contaminants. However, the World Health Organization (WHO) does not categorically state that RO water is unsafe for drinking. This article delves into the considerations regarding the safety and quality of RO water, explaining why it is not deemed unsafe but may require certain precautions.
Mineral Content and RO Water
One of the most significant considerations when using RO water is its mineral content. RO systems remove a wide range of contaminants, including minerals that are beneficial for health such as calcium and magnesium. Over long periods, drinking demineralized water may lead to mineral deficiencies unless these minerals are obtained from other dietary sources.
Potential Contaminants in RO Water
While RO water is highly effective in purifying water, it can become a problem if not maintained properly. RO systems can become breeding grounds for bacteria or other contaminants if not regularly maintained. Regular replacement and cleaning of membranes and filters are crucial to ensure water quality remains high. Improper maintenance can lead to a reduction in the effectiveness of the RO system, potentially compromising the safety of the water.
Acidity and RO Water
Another consideration is the acidity of RO water. RO water can be slightly more acidic, with a lower pH, than regular drinking water. This acidity can affect the taste and may lead to the leaching of certain metals from plumbing systems over time.
Taste Preferences and RO Water
The taste of RO water can be less palatable for some individuals due to the absence of dissolved minerals, which can influence drinking habits. However, these mineral deficiencies can be remedied through proper remineralization of the water or by ensuring a well-balanced diet.
WHO’s Stance on RO Water
While WHO recognizes the effectiveness of RO systems in removing many harmful contaminants, it emphasizes the importance of ensuring that water remains safe, palatable, and mineral-balanced for long-term consumption. Therefore, if using RO water, it is advisable to remineralize it or ensure a well-balanced diet to compensate for any potential deficiencies.
The Major Drawbacks of Reverse Osmosis
The major drawback of reverse osmosis is that it removes all the necessary minerals that the human body requires. This can have significant implications for health. Water is an essential commodity, but access to clean and mineral-rich water can be challenging, especially during emergencies. The story of a typhoon that knocked out the electricity and water supply for months provides an example of the challenges faced. In such situations, a personal water system can be a beneficial backup.
Permissible Limit of TDS in Water
According to WHO, the permissible limit of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) in water is from 300 parts per million (ppm) to 600 ppm. Any TDS level below or above these limits is not acceptable. TDS is composed of organic salts and non-organic minerals such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, cations, and anions. These minerals are essential for our body's proper functioning.
Remineralization in Water Filters
Good purifiers often include a remineralization process at the end to help water regain its mineral content. This ensures that the water remains healthy and safe for consumption, even when using RO technology. By adding back minerals, these purifiers help to address the potential deficiencies of demineralized water.