How Much Ammunition Does a 60mm Mortar Squad Carry: An Overview

In the context of modern military operations, particularly within the U.S. Army, the logistics and logistics of ammunition carriage for a 60mm mortar squad have evolved over time. This article explores the history, current practices, and the dynamics within a 60mm mortar squad to provide a comprehensive understanding of how much ammunition they typically carry.

Historical Context (Late 1990s)

During the late 1990s, the carrying capacity of a 60mm mortar squad was heavily influenced by the 60mm artillery piece and the standard equipment at the time. As a 60mm gunner, I carried 8-10 rounds of M720 ammunition in my ruck (about 3.4 pounds each), along with other necessary mortar equipment. This typically brought the total weight to around 90-100 pounds. The Fire Direction Control (FDC) team generally carried around 13 rounds. Additionally, each rifleman would drop off about three rounds to the mortar squad just before the setup point, which was approximately a click's distance from the target.

Modern Army Practices (According to TC 3-22.90)

According to the U.S. Army's Training Circular 3-22.90, a 60mm mortar squad operates with three people: the mortar cannon, the ammunition bearer, and the assistant gunner who acts as the primary fire direction controller (FDC). The mortar cannon is generally a two-person carry, with the ammunition bearer responsible for carrying the ammunition. Each 60mm mortar round weighs approximately 2.5 pounds.

For optimal efficiency, the ammunition bearer typically carries around 20 rounds, which equates to 50 pounds in total (20 rounds × 2.5 pounds). Therefore, the ammunition bearer would carry 50 pounds in each hand, totalling 100 pounds. This is a sensible amount and aligns with the TC's recommendation for the ammunition bearer to swab the cannon once every 10 rounds.

Operational Limitations and Resupply

It is important to note that while the ammunition bearer can carry up to 20 rounds, operational necessities may limit the amount carried. The squad may be required to carry more ammunition during long-range operations or when operating dismounted with an infantry platoon or company. In such cases, the ammunition bearer might carry up to 30 rounds in a rucksack, and other members of the unit could carry additional rounds.

Conclusion

The amount of ammunition a 60mm mortar squad carries can vary based on historical context and modern military practices. In the late 1990s, the usual load was 8-10 rounds, supplemented by additional rounds from rifleman drop-offs. According to current U.S. Army documents, the ammunition bearer typically carries 20 rounds (100 pounds) for efficient operation, with adjustments made for longer patrols or dismounted operations.