Electrical Contractors and Fire Alarm Systems: Understanding the Roles and Sub-Contracting Practices

Electrical contractors (ECs) often face questions about their capabilities and responsibilities regarding fire alarm systems and communication systems. This article explores these roles and the sub-contracting practices involved.

Role of an Electrical Contractor

An electrical contractor is primarily responsible for ensuring that electrical installations are up to code and meet safety standards. While a basic level of competence is necessary, the integration of specialized systems such as fire alarms and communication networks requires specific expertise.

Electrical contractors can learn to fit fire alarms to meet industry standards through training, but for comprehensive and high-quality installations, it is best to engage professionals with specialized training and ongoing knowledge of the latest technologies.

Specialized Roles and Expertise

In an ideal scenario, an EC could handle fire alarm networks and telecommunications wiring. However, in practice, these tasks are best left to specialists who can stay current with the rapidly evolving technologies in these fields.

ECs should consider sub-contracting these tasks to professionals who are better equipped to handle them, such as certified fire alarm installers and low-voltage specialists. This ensures that the systems are installed correctly and comply with all relevant codes and regulations.

Sub-Contracting Fire Alarm Systems

Typically, an EC will bid for fire alarm work as part of a larger project, with specific requirements outlined by a professional engineer. Fire alarm companies will then provide quotes based on these specifications.

For smaller jobs, some ECs may take on the fire alarm installation as a sub-contract, but this is rare. Most ECs do not have the resources to adhere to the stringent guidelines set by the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) and organizations like the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA).

In my experience, fire alarm systems installed by ECs without proper certification often fail to meet code requirements. Even if a system functions properly, it may still fail to meet specific guidelines set by the AHJ and NFPA. For example, a strobe light may not meet the correct candela rating based on ceiling height and room usage, while a smoke detector might be too close to a vent or not be within the required distance from a control panel.

Communication Systems and Coordination

Communication systems, on the other hand, often fall under the low-voltage category. The presence or absence of a division dedicated to low-voltage work can significantly impact how an EC handles these systems.

Many small to medium-sized ECs do not have a division for low-voltage work, which means they often subcontract these tasks. On the other hand, larger ECs that have a dedicated low-voltage division may handle these systems themselves or subcontract them to a specialized company.

Overall, the key to a successful project is ensuring that all systems are installed by certified professionals who have the necessary expertise and resources to meet all relevant standards and regulations.

Keywords: electrical contractors, fire alarm systems, communication systems, sub-contracting practices